大学指南引争议，ChatGPT作业该何做？使用还是限制？
文章主题：关键词：ChatGPT, 学校指南, 作业使用, 生成式人工智能
大学到底要不要禁止使用ChatGPT？
该不该禁？
能不能禁？
怎么禁？
这些都是现在非常有争议，也悬而未决的话题。
就在这周，我们学校发布了一份指南，规定本校学生如何使用GPT写作业。
原文改写如下：🌟利用ChatGPT的强大翻译能力，我轻松地将文档转化为中文版本。这份内容并非出自ChatGPT之手，而是通过AI的力量生成。📚对于这篇指南，我进行了深入的探讨和分析，与ChatGPT进行了一场智慧对话，旨在为您提供更精准的理解。下面是对我对指南看法的独到见解，希望对您有所启发🌟SEO优化词汇：利用ChatGPT翻译、AI生成内容、深度探讨、智慧对话、独到见解、SEO优化添加emoji: 📝📖🤖🤔💡
我之前写了六份关于ChatGPT的推送，介绍这方面的文献，参考见下：
* 中国互联网大厂造不出ChatGPT，也和性别有关？（GPT社会学第6期）
* 以人类的名义：ChatGPT公司CEO提出乌托邦计划（GPT社会学第4期）
* 让ChatGPT更像人类？社会学家的百年前预言，今日更值得思考
* ChatGPT时代，北大将不如蓝翔技校？
关于使用生成式人工智能（如ChatGPT）的指导
🎓🚀学生指南：掌握生成式AI（ChatGPT等）🔥🔍探索未来教育新纪元！随着人工智能技术的飞速发展，Gen AI已成为学习者手中的强大工具。👩💻ChatGPT不只是个聊天伙伴，它是知识生成与创新的加速器！📝首先，理解其角色：ChatGPT是AI语言模型，它能提供信息、解答疑问，但并非全能老师。它尊重学术边界，帮助你探索而非代替你的思考。📚🤔其次，合理使用：与其依赖ChatGPT完成所有作业，不如用它作为研究和创意的灵感源泉。记住，它是辅助，不是答案的替代品！📝👩💻互动学习，提升技能：与ChatGPT互动，提问、讨论，能锻炼你的批判性思维和问题解决能力。别忘了，互动中也能发现新知识哦！🤔🛡️隐私保护，安全使用：尊重AI隐私，不要泄露个人信息或滥用其生成内容。保持警惕，确保在线行为合规。🛡️👩🏫总结：拥抱Gen AI，但别让它取代你的学习热情和独立思考。掌握它，让你的学习之旅更高效、更有乐趣！🚀—📝学生必备技能更新：如何聪明地驾驭ChatGPT，开启知识探索新篇章！🎓💡👉ChatGPT不是万能钥匙，而是提升学习力的加速器！了解边界，用AI辅助，而非依赖。📚💻🤔互动中成长，批判性思维与创造力并肩！ChatGPT，你的智慧伙伴！👩🏫🔍🛡️隐私第一，安全使用，保护个人信息！网络安全，从我做起！🔒🚀拥抱科技，让学习更有趣！掌握Gen AI，开启知识探索新纪元！🌟🎓
【技术、伦理和人工智能的使用是一个快速发展的领域。
本指导截至2023年3月有效，将随时更新。】
AI’s evolution, ethical considerations, and practical implementation continue to evolve at breakneck speed. This comprehensive resource, last updated in 📊March 2023, stays abreast of the latest developments, ensuring timely insights for those seeking a deep understanding. Stay tuned for periodic updates to keep your knowledge fresh on this dynamic field. 🚀
🔥🚀探索生成式人工智能🔥🚀：ChatGPT引领潮流，OpenAI与DALLE-2、CoPilot及Google Bard齐头并进！💡在这个创新前沿，无数科技爱好者正热切地投身其中，一探其无限可能。📚掌握这些未来工具，不仅提升技能，还能紧跟时代步伐。👩💻让我们一起开启生成式智能的新篇章，拥抱变革！🌐SEO优化提示：使用行业关键词如”人工智能探索”、”生成式技术应用”等，适当增加emoji表情以增强可读性。
🌟🚀 Generative AI Systems: The Future is Here! 🚀💡With the rapid growth in interest, ChatGPT by OpenAI has sparked a wave of innovation, but the game isn’t over yet! 🌊 Other trailblazers like DALLE-2, CoPilot, and Google Bard are joining the party, shaping the future of AI technology. 🔥This exciting field offers endless possibilities for exploration and practical applications. As AI enthusiasts, we can’t help but dive in and uncover its potential. 🤖🎓From enhancing communication to revolutionizing industries, generative systems have the power to transform our world. Let’s embrace the journey and stay ahead of the curve! 🚀🌍 #GenerativeAI #InnovativeTech
大学的立场并不是要全面限制使用生成式人工智能，而是要：
— 强调期望作业应该包含学生自己的原创作品；
— 强调需要承认（允许使用的）生成式人工智能的使用。
🌟University Approach to Generative AI 📚Instead of imposing an all-encompassing ban on generative AI, the esteemed institution aims to foster a thoughtful and strategic approach. Its philosophy centers around fostering innovation while maintaining academic integrity. 🤝The institution recognizes the potential benefits AI can bring to research and learning, but it also understands the need for responsible implementation. It encourages a balanced approach that evaluates and regulates the use of these technologies within its academic community. 🧪💻By no means does it seek to stifle creativity or hinder progress; rather, it aims to ensure that the integration of generative AI is guided by rigorous standards and ethical considerations. 🚀če前瞻性Students and faculty are encouraged to engage with generative AI responsibly, fostering a culture of responsible innovation that supports long-term growth and understanding. 🤝💻🌟Remember, the key takeaway here is not about avoiding AI altogether, but about navigating its integration in a way that promotes the best possible outcomes for education and research. 🚀📚
— Emphasise the expectation that assignments should contain students’ own original work;
— Highlight the limitations of generative AI and the dangers of relying on it as a source of information;
— Emphasise the need to acknowledge the use of generative AI where it is (permitted to be) used.
有些作业可能会明确要求您使用人工智能工具，并分析和批判其生成的内容，而其他作业可能会指定不应使用人工智能工具，或只能以特定方式使用。这取决于您所选课程的学习目标。请参考您作业的具体标准，如果有疑问，请咨询您的讲师。
Some assignments may explicitly ask you to work with AI tools and to analyse and critique the content it generates, others may specify that AI tools should not be used, or only used in specific ways. This will depend on the learning objectives for your courses. Please refer to the specific criteria for your assignments and ask your lecturers if in doubt.
一、期望自己的原创作品
所有提交评估的作品都应该是您自己的原创作品。在某些情况下，您可能会被要求签署一份关于自己作品的声明。将由人工智能生成的内容冒充为自己的作品是不恰当的。
Expectation of own original work
All work submitted for assessment should be your own original work. In some cases, you may be asked to sign a declaration of own work. It is not appropriate to misrepresent AI generated content as your own work
重要提示：请注意，如果您使用人工智能工具（如ChatGPT或其他工具）生成作业（或作业的一部分），并将其提交为自己的作品，这将被视为学术不端行为并受到相应处理。
Important note: Be aware that if you use AI tools (such as ChatGPT or others) to generate an assignment (or part of an assignment) and submit this as if it were your own work, this will be regarded as academic misconduct and treated as such.
“Academic misconduct is defined by the University as the use of unfair means in any University assessment. Examples of misconduct include (but are not limited to)plagiarism, self-plagiarism (that is, submitting the same work for credit twice at the same or different institutions), collusion, falsification, cheating (including contract cheating, where a student pays for work to be written or edited by somebody else), deceit, and personation (that is, impersonating another student or allowing another person to impersonate a student in an assessment).” (University of Edinburgh, Academic Misconduct Procedures)
二、生成式人工智能的当下局限性
生成式人工智能提供了许多好处，但它也有其局限性，您需要了解。
Current limitations of generative AI
Generative AI offers a number of benefits, but it also has its limitations, which you need to aware of
重要提示：您需要做到以下几点：
— 理解您正在使用的任何人工智能系统的限制；
— 检查其生成内容的事实准确性；
It is important that you:
— Understand the limitations of any AI system you are using;
— Check the factual accuracy of the content it generates;
— Do not rely on AI generated content as a key source – use it in conjunction with other sources.
2.1 生成式人工智能工具是语言机器，而不是知识数据库——它们通过从大型数据集中“学习”的模式来预测下一个可能的单词或编程代码片段；
– Generative AI tools are language machines rather than databases of knowledge –they work by predicting the next plausible word or section of programming code from patterns that have been ‘learnt’ from large data sets;
2.2 AI工具没有理解它们所生成内容的能力。需要一个有知识的人来检查工作（通常是在迭代中进行）；
– AI tools have no understanding of what they generate. A knowledgeable human must check the work (often in iterations);
2.3 这些工具正在学习的数据集存在缺陷、偏见和限制；
– The data sets that such tools are learning from are flawed and contain inaccuracies, biases and limitations;
2.4 它们生成的文本并不总是事实正确的；
– They generate text that is not always factually correct;
2.5 它们可以创建具有安全漏洞、错误和使用非法库或调用 – 或侵犯版权的软件/代码；
– They can create software/code that has security flaws, bugs, and use illegal libraries or calls – or infringe copyrights;
2.6 通常情况下，AI生成的代码或计算看起来是合理的，但在更近距离的细节工作中存在错误。在此方式产生的任何代码或计算中，应该由熟练掌握该编程语言的人员进行全面检查；
– Often the code or calculation produced by AI will look plausible but contain errors in detailed working on closer inspection. A human trained in that programming language should fully check any code or calculation produced in this way;
2.7 它们的模型训练数据不是最新的 – 目前它们在某个时间点（例如ChatGPT的情况下为2021年）之后的世界和事件上拥有有限或受限制的数据；
– The data their models are trained on is not up-to-date – they currently have limited or constrained data on the world and events after a certain point (2021 in the case of ChatGPT);
2.8 它们可以生成冒犯性内容；
– They can generate offensive content;
2.9 它们会产生虚假的引文和参考资料；
– They produce fake citations and references;
2.10 这样的系统是无道德的——它们不知道生成冒犯性、不准确或误导性内容是错误的；
Such systems are amoral – they don’t know that it is wrong to generate offensive,inaccurate or misleading content;
– They include hidden plagiarism – meaning that they make use of words and ideas from human authors without referencing them, which we would consider as plagiarism;
– There are risks of copyright infringements on pictures and other copyrighted material.
重要提示：过度依赖人工智能工具来生成书面内容、软件代码或分析结果会减少您练习和发展重要技能（例如写作、批判性思维、评估、分析或编程技能）的机会。这些都是重要的技能，在大学和毕业后成功所必需的。
Important note: Overreliance on AI tools simply to generate written content, software code or analysis reduces your opportunity to practice and develop key skills (e.g. writing, critical thinking,evaluation, analysis or coding skills). These are all important skills that are valued and required to succeed in and beyond your time at University.
三、引用和承认使用人工智能
Citing and acknowledging the use of AI
在允许在评估工作中使用人工智能的情况下，重要的是要对这些工具和从中生成的内容进行透明的引用和承认。
Where the use of AI is permitted in assessed work, it is important to be transparent about the use of such tools and content generated from them.
Content generated from AI is non-recoverable – it can not be retrieved or linked to in the same way that other digital sources can. For this reason, current convention is to cite AI generated content as “personal communication” (because it is based on asking a question or giving a prompt and receiving an answer). This is usually an in-text only citation.
每种参考文献风格（例如哈佛风格、APA风格）都会说明如何实现这一点，因此您应该查阅您正在使用的参考文献风格的指南。
Each reference style (e.g. Harvard, APA) will set out how to do this, so you should consult the guidance for the reference style you are using.
此外，如果您使用任何生成式人工智能工具（如ChatGPT）来帮助您（例如生成思路或制定计划），即使您在作业中没有包含任何由AI生成的内容，您仍应该说明您如何使用该工具。您应该承认使用的AI工具，描述您如何使用它，并指出您访问它的日期。
Additionally, if you use any generative AI tool (such as ChatGPT) to help you (e.g. generate ideas or develop a plan), you should still acknowledge how you have used the tool, even if you do not include any AI generated content in your work. You should acknowledge the AI tool used, describe how you used it, and indicate the date you accessed it.
如果你看完了整个指南，那不妨再来看下GPT自己是怎么理解这份针对它的文件。我问了三个问题：
请它总结这份文件。
请它增补内容。
请他考虑是否可以用到中国大学。
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